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I've decided to allow commenting in thread. In the event that I need more space I'll request a mod split the topic for discussion and reference. However for now, I'm opening the thread for comment and critique. This is especially for the APTX analysis. Welcome one and all to Kyuu's Detective Conan Toxicology thread! I will be posting analysis of the drugs and toxins found in DC that have been used in conjunction with cases (Yes, that includes APTX). There are THREE CATEGORIES of drugs that I'll be doing: 1) Real (Drugs and Toxins that were 100% identified by the series.) 2) Theoretical (APTX basically) 3) Semi-theoretical (Drugs that are possible IRL, but are not identified by Gosho, and can be determined to some degree of accuracy using the information in manga canon) (unnamed poisons and Conan's tranquilizer mostly) Key Terms that you will need to know and understand before reading my analysis: LD50 - Dosage of a toxic agent that will cause death in 50% of treated animals LC50 - Concentration of a toxic agent that will cause death in 50% of the treated animals T1/2 - Biological half-life. How long it takes the concentration in the biological system to be halved. LOAEL - Lowest observable adverse effect level. The amount of a toxin that causes an observable negative effect (your basic symptoms of poisoning without dying, if you have ever seen a drug commercial, you should know most of them) Bioavailability - How much of a drug reaches circulation unchanged in a biological system. IV is always 100% bioavailability, as it is direct to circulatory system. ADME - Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion Absorption - How a drug is/can be administered Distribution - how a drug is distributed throughout the body (and what barriers it needs to pass) Metabolism - how the drug is metabolized by the biological system Excretion - how the drug is expelled from the body Those are the main, if I come to a point where I need to explain the more complex terms, I shall append them. I will make every effort to make this easy to read and understand for all. Drugs will be completely analyzed most likely using Toxnet a lot. I'll be using some other resources as well as needed. Everything will be fully referenced. If you use this information for any reason, PLEASE do the same. The drugs currently in planned to be analyzed are: (links will be added as analysis are done) APTX Tetrodotoxin Potassium Cyanide Sea Snake Venom (erabutoxin) Curare (possibly from poison dart case) Batrachotoxin (possibly from the poison dart case) Chlorine Potassium Chloride Phosphoric Acid Carbon Monoxide Aconitine (by Kjeldahl) More may be added as I reread the chapters and watch the episodes that the ones omitted appeared in while I look everything up. If you want clarification please PM or leave comment on my profile. If you wish to critique feel free to do it in topic. Also, this is being done on my own time, so I'm not sure how many I can/will get done. The ones that I am sure of are the top 3, and Carbon Monoxide. Everything else depends on my time and schedule. That all said, I hope you all enjoy this new project of mine and find it illuminating.

Dear Anonymous, (Yes, these are my true feelings to a real person.) I hate you. As simple as that. For 13 years, you've made my life miserable, unbearable. 13 years of my life, you've put me down. You don't respect me. You barely even tolerate me. I've never really thougth of myself as a person who hold grudges against people for long. I forgive people easily. I can't do it anymore. You've relied on me for 13 years to forgive you, each and every time. I've forgiven you one too many times, two too many, three, four, five. I've never heard a single apology directed to me come from your lips. I can't do this anymore. Because if I forgive you, you'll just take advantage of me again, and I can't let that happen. Even as you read this, you won't care. I've known you for too long to know you don't care. No. No more. No more of this childish nonsense. I've had enough of you and your lies. Each time I've forgiven you, each time I've allowed you to build your shaky building of trust -- it topples. My heart does know to steel itself, to become untouchable, cold, unforgiving. All because of you. I can't allow myself to be broken any further. No more. So no more forgiving anymore. ~ Cindy

[Complete] Updates: 11 May 2012: added perspective for LD50 11 May 2012: Added oral LD50 and LD100 data for mice and approximate LD50 for humans. Added note on comparison to amounts used in DC. *all information provided here is from Toxnet unless otherwise noted* Structure: Chemical Formula: KCN Appearance: White crystalline powder image from Wikipedia LOAEL (lowest observable adverse effect level): 1.2mg/kg LD50(Inhalation): ~150-300mg/kg (Time to death ranging from 30min to immediate) from HPA LD50 Inhalation Perspective: The average adult in the USA is 86kg (~190lbs). So it would take approximately 25,800mg (or 0.9oz) of KCN to kill an average USA Adult male. To further simplify, that is slightly less than 1.5 tablespoons (estimated, based on the the molecular weight of NaCl, which is slightly lighter, using this converter) LD50(oral human): 0.7-2.9 mg/kg (Of CN-) (from health canada) LD50 Perspective estimate (oral human): It would take about 0.25 teaspoon to kill an adult human male, using 1.5mg/kg as an average of pure Cyanide ion. (so it would actually take about double that because Potassium more than doubles mass of cyanide ion) LD50(oral mice): 5-10mg/kg LD50Perspective (oral): Using the same as before, the calculations come to 0.15 teaspoon to kill. Please see notes at the end for additional information and context. LD100 (oral mice): ~40mg/kg LD100Perspective (oral): Using same methods and figures from before it would take 0.7 teaspoons to kill lab mice 100% of the time. T1/2: 20min - 1hr (conversion from Cyanide to thiocyanate) ADME Absorption: Inhalation of airborn crystals (or of HCN after hydrolysis reaction occurs), ingestion, injection (IV), skin absorption Distribution: KCN is distributed by the cardiovascular system (through the blood) It has a higher affinity for Red Blood Cells than plasma. Excretion: 72% excretion by feces and urine, 25% through exhalation, 3% retained in one month. Urine is the primary method after cyanide is converted into thiocyanate, which usually occurs in the first 24h of exposure. Sweat and saliva via HPA Metabolism (Technical stuff incoming): Note: This works for ALL forms of Cyanide! I know other forms of Cyanide have been used by Gosho, but due to the metabolism and mechanism (next section) being identical, I won't do the others unless I find *significant* differences between the forms of cyanide. Note 2: All forms of cyanide are converted into HCN when ingested. The acid of the stomach creates a hydrolysis reaction that converts it. The cyanide ion (just the CN-) is conjugated with Sulphur, which creates the anion thiocyanate (SCN-). This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme Rhodanese. Rhodanese is produced in MOST ANIMAL TISSUES, so this reaction need not occur in the liver or in the kidneys. It does need the cofactor sulphane-sulfer (via HPA) for this conversion to occur. After its conversion to thiocyanate, it is in such a form that it can be excreted through the urine. Translation for lay people: KCN becomes K+ and CN-. The cyanide reacts with sulphur in the biological system. This is aided by Rhodanese enzyme, which makes this reaction occur faster. After the reaction is done, it is thiocyanate (SCN-). Thiocyanate can be excreted through the urine, thus being expelled. Mechanism of toxicity (aka: how it kills you): Information on the mechanism from Detective Conan Desperate Revival Case is as follows: According to justwantanaccount, the translation I read was wrong. Gosho did describe it as a electron transfer. From justwantanaccount "The original Japanese for the 'electron signaling' is 電子伝達系, which directly translates to 'electron transfer system'" Verdict: Correct. In reality: Cyanide has an affinity for iron in ferric state (Fe3+). This allows it to react with the iron in cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria of cells. This interaction blocks cytochrome c's ability to participate in the electron transfers that are involved in cellular respiration. This blocks the cell's utilization of oxygen. Basically what happens is that the Cyanide takes the place of the cytochrome c oxidase's open site for electrons, which would be transferred to oxygen allowing the oxygen to be converted to water for use within the biological system which is for the creation of ATP. Translation for lay people: There is more to this reaction, but I'm sticking to Cyanide here. Basically, Cyanide interacts with iron, iron interacts with enzyme involved in cellular respiration, this prevents electron transfer between enzyme and oxygen, preventing oxygen from being utilized in cellular respiration. This stops cellular respiration and thus oxygen is not used. This naturally leads to death. Note on toxicity as depicted in Detective Conan: Gosho has overestimated the affects of KCN on a human system. From what I have found, that is the estimated in a general system. However, lethal affects are NOT immediate, unless concentrations are significantly higher. 0.25 teaspoons is what can kill on average. According to the data, it took 35-40mg/kg of CN- to kill mice ~100% of the time (all but one died). Now, the time it took until death was 19 minutes at that dosage. This is further cooroborated with a case I found, that stated a woman, after ingesting 2.5g NaCN, died after 30 minutes. Symptoms occur far before it (tingling sensations, and the like) followed by unconsciousness. Death is NOT immediate. On average for a lethal dose in humans takes approximately One hour to kill. Immediate death (as seen in DC) would take significantly more what could be fit into an ice cube with a small cavity created. The amount Gosho uses is probably around 2-5 times off the minimum lethal amount in humans in Desperate Revival (due to an ice plug being needed, the amount couldn't have been more than about ~10-20 milligrams) FINAL NOTE: I excluded a few things for simplicity, such as the the treatment for Potassium Cyanide. I also did not include symptoms of nonlethal exposure or chronic exposure. If you want that information included, please leave a comment in my profile or in the status update announcing the completion of KCN analysis!

Yes, according to the mock scenario that was shown in the manga file and in the anime, she never ONCE made contact with Shinichi. Why would he feel anything if she was over him? He likely could hear her clothes, but there would be no reason for him to assume that it was her clothes, instead of his own or Ran's. So in a pitch black tunnel, with all senses skewed except for touch (pitch black kills sight, smell obscured by wind, hearing obscured by wind, taste... well that's kinda useless here, isn't it?), Shinichi, who never felt her as she was over him, could not know it was her without the proper evidence.

You need to provide more information. Have you check each links Chekhov provided? Or try to use search engine yourself.

yay!! My First ever colorate drawing!! Drawn and colored by me~! ^.^= OHOHOHOHO~! ah...If I joined Secret Santa, I probably give this to Wildheart / Vawli / to my twin sister, redangelran(she also cosplayed kagome irl!!) but this is for everybody now!! hohoho~ (forgive me because its not beautiful and drawing and color is not pleasing to your eyes)